What is BIOS?

BIOS: main functions and operating principle

BIOS (short for Basic Input/Output System) is the primary input and output system integrated into a computer‘s motherboard. It initializes the hardware, performs a power-on self-test (POST), determines the boot order, and hands control over to the operating system. In modern computers, traditional BIOS is increasingly being replaced by UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface), but the term „BIOS” is still commonly used by users. During POST, essential components such as the processor, RAM, video subsystem, and storage devices are checked to ensure they are functioning correctly. Through the setup menu, users can change system parameters: boot priorities, security features (e.g., „Secure Boot”), virtualization, SATA/AHCI/RAID modes, and more.

How can BIOS help?

Hardware diagnostics

The BIOS/UEFI environment is useful for identifying why a computer fails to boot or behaves erratically. You can check if the system recognizes the RAM and disks, if the correct boot device is at the top of the list, and if inappropriate features (e.g., incorrect SATA mode) are disabled. Some models emit diagnostic beep codes that indicate the location of the failure (memory, video subsystem, etc.).

Improving system stability

If a computer overheats or operates unstably, you can restore default parameters in the BIOS/UEFI settings, adjust the boot order, disable unnecessary options, enable newer compatibility features, or update the firmware. Some laptops also provide cooling profile management or „Fan Control” options (if supported by the manufacturer), which can help improve stability.

Steps to access BIOS

To access the BIOS/UEFI setup, typically restart your computer and press the key specified by the manufacturer during the early boot phase: usually F2 or Del (Esc, F1, F10 may also be used). „Dell” often uses F2, „HP” uses Esc→F10, „Lenovo” uses F1/F2, „ASUS” and „MSI” use Del/F2, and „Acer” uses F2/Del. On „Windows 10/11” devices, you can also access BIOS/UEFI through „Advanced Startup”: Settings → System/Update & Security → Recovery → Restart now → Troubleshoot → Advanced options → „UEFI Firmware Settings”.

Precautions

When changing settings, do so thoughtfully: write down the previous values before making changes, do not alter unfamiliar options, and if in doubt, restore the default settings. Avoid sudden shutdowns in the BIOS/UEFI window, and if „Fast Boot” is enabled, it may shorten the time you have to press the entry key.

Should you update BIOS?

Benefits of updating

BIOS/UEFI updates can resolve compatibility issues (e.g., support for new processors or SSDs), improve stability, and sometimes enhance security, as well as add new features. If the system fails to recognize components or behaves unstably after hardware upgrades, a newer firmware version may help.

Potential risks

Updating BIOS is a responsible process: an incorrect file, power interruption, or interrupted flashing can „brick” a computer. Therefore, it is essential to: download only the manufacturer-provided update for the exact model, connect a power source, avoid performing the update with an unstable OS, create a backup of your data beforehand, and if allowed, save the current settings.

Why choose „Fixas”?

• BIOS update: Experienced technicians will safely update BIOS/UEFI according to manufacturer recommendations, check version compatibility, and perform system tests after the update.
• Cooling system maintenance: The „Fixas” team cleans cooling channels, replaces thermal paste, and if the model allows, optimizes fan profiles to ensure the device runs cooler and more stably.
• Diagnostics: Free diagnostics help accurately identify the malfunction (hardware or software), providing a clear repair plan and transparent estimate.