How to Smoothly Transition to Windows 11?

Strategic Context and Why Action is Needed Now

In managing IT infrastructure, decisions are often made based on the technology lifecycle (EOL – End of Life) policy. The Microsoft Windows 10 operating system, which has been a standard for business and personal use for over a decade, is approaching its inevitable end of support. This event, with an official date, requires organizations and individual users to immediately begin migration planning processes.

1.1. The Criticality of End of Support (EOL) Dates

The official end of support date for Windows 10 is October 14, 2025.¹ This is the final date after which the operating system will no longer be supported under standard Microsoft rules. The Windows 10 Home and Pro editions, which are most common among consumers and SMB segments, follow the Modern Lifecycle Policy². Under this policy, Microsoft provides continuous updates as long as the latest version is in use, but sets a final end of support date. Currently, version 22H2 is the last version of Windows 10; all these editions will receive monthly security updates only until the aforementioned EOL date².

There are exceptions: Long-Term Servicing Channel (LTSC) editions and certain industrial variants will continue to receive updates even after October 14, 2025, according to their longer cycles. However, for most organizations and users using Home and Pro, this date marks the necessity to make further decisions².

1.2. Strategic EOL Impact on Organizations

The end of support directly affects security and compliance. After October 14, 2025, all devices running Windows 10 without an Extended Security Updates (ESU) subscription will no longer receive new security patches. This means that newly discovered vulnerabilities will remain unpatched – cyber security risks will become unacceptable. Organizations that must comply with strict regulatory requirements (e.g., data protection like GDPR or financial regulations like Sarbanes-Oxley) may lose compliance if they continue to operate an unsupported OS.

This scenario compels IT strategists to view migration to Windows 11 not merely as a technical upgrade but as a strategic imperative for risk management and business continuity. If an organization delays migration, it may have to evaluate the costly ESU program expenses (see Section VI), which effectively become a financial penalty for postponing modernization.

1.3. The Need for Modern Infrastructure and Digital Workplace

The fact that Windows 10 follows the Modern Lifecycle Policy² signals Microsoft’s long-term strategy: support is based on continuous updates. Along with Windows 11 deployment methods emphasizing a cloud-based management paradigm (e.g., Intune and Autopilot)³, migration is not just an OS upgrade but a means to transition to modern IT management practices. Successfully migrated organizations will adopt a culture of continuous updates and MDM (Mobile Device Management) – this should be linked to a broader Digital Workplace transformation.

Strict Windows 11 Requirements – Part of the Security Architecture

The biggest challenge in transitioning to Windows 11 is the specific hardware requirements, particularly security components. Microsoft has deliberately raised the minimum requirement for Windows 11 to run only on devices that support modern hardware-enforced security.

2.1. Detailed Minimum Requirements for Windows 11

Before any installation, it is essential to inventory the existing hardware. Windows 11 requires⁴:

• Processor (CPU): ≥ 1 GHz, 2+ cores, 64-bit compatible processor or SoC.
• RAM: ≥ 4 GB.
• Storage: ≥ 64 GB of free space.
• Graphics subsystem: compatible with DirectX 12 or later, with WDDM 2.0 driver.
• Display: ≥ 9 inches, 720p, 8 bits per color channel.

Critical attention is required for two foundational security components.

2.2. TPM 2.0: Not an Exception, but a Requirement

Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2.0 is mandatory for Windows 11 installation⁴. This is a dedicated cryptographic chip that acts as a trusted security processor. TPM 2.0 is used for:

• Identity protection: ensures secure storage of Windows Hello biometric data.
• Data protection: essential for BitLocker encryption keys, allowing only trusted devices to decrypt data.
• Boot integrity: helps verify that the boot chain has not been compromised by malware.

Organizations using older but powerful computers must check BIOS/UEFI settings. Even if the processor supports fTPM (firmware TPM), this feature may be disabled or set to version 1.2. IT professionals must ensure that TPM 2.0 is enabled on every device⁵.

2.3. UEFI and Secure Boot: The Roots of Security

Another critical requirement is UEFI firmware and enabled Secure Boot⁴. Secure Boot allows only trusted, digitally signed components to run, effectively preventing rootkit-type attacks. Together with TPM 2.0, this creates the hardware-enforced security foundation for Windows 11.

2.4. Device Diagnostic Processes

For individual users and small businesses: Microsoft offers the PC Health Check app – it quickly checks compliance, including TPM and Secure Boot status⁶.
For large organizations: centralized assessment is needed – Microsoft Endpoint Manager (Intune) or Configuration Manager (SCCM) allows remote retrieval of TPM status, BIOS versions, and UEFI/Legacy settings.

Hardware modernization is a security priority. The strict TPM 2.0 and Secure Boot requirements are not just a performance benchmark – they are Microsoft’s decision to raise the OS integrity standard. If a significant portion of devices does not meet the requirements, IT must decide: adjust BIOS/UEFI or plan for new hardware acquisition. This assessment often becomes the largest source of migration delays.

Minimum Hardware Requirements for Windows 11 and Their Security Impact

Why Windows 11 is More Than Just an OS Upgrade

3.1. Hardware-Enforced Security

The cornerstone of Windows 11’s security architecture is VBS (Virtualization-Based Security)⁷. VBS, using the Windows hypervisor, creates an isolated environment that becomes the root of OS reliability. A key component of VBS is Memory Integrity (HVCI), which ensures that kernel-level code is executed only in a trusted, isolated environment. The combination of TPM 2.0, Secure Boot, and VBS/HVCI provides structurally superior protection compared to Windows 10.

3.2. Performance and Efficiency Optimization

Windows 11’s improved memory management prioritizes active windows and enables faster wake from sleep, managing background tasks more efficiently – this enhances mobility, battery, and productivity metrics⁸. These improvements often offset the slight performance impact that enabled VBS may have.

3.3. User Interface (UI) and Experience (UX) Changes

Windows 11 visually differs from Windows 10, which requires thoughtful user training:

• Start Menu and Taskbar: centered layout logic – aesthetically pleasing but requires adjustment.
• Context Menu: common operations (Copy/Paste) are hidden under “Show more options,” changing daily workflows⁸.
• Innovations for Gaming and Tasks: Auto HDR, DirectStorage – shortens load times, allows data to travel directly to the GPU; today – with developer API adaptation, tomorrow – potentially for other data-intensive applications⁹.

User training is a priority. UI/UX changes (especially the context menu) can impact productivity; targeted communication and quick reference guides are essential.

Windows 11 UX/UI Changes and Training Requirements

How to Ensure LOB Applications Run Smoothly on Windows 11

4.1. Compatibility Testing Priorities

Before mass deployment, conduct targeted testing and monitor problem areas¹⁰:

• Legacy Applications and MSI Installations: the old Windows Installer repair mechanism may prompt UAC requests for non-administrators (e.g., Autodesk AutoCAD, Office Professional Plus 2010), disrupting work.
• Critical Drivers: check specialized devices; Intel Smart Sound Technology drivers caused BSoD for some devices during Windows 11 installation 24H2; potential audio issues with Dirac Audio (cridspapo.dll)¹⁰.
• Streaming Tools: NDI Tools performance issues (stuttering, delays) have been reported after certain updates¹⁰.

Test in a virtualized environment (Hyper-V, VMware), isolated from production.

4.2. Microsoft App Assure – A Risk Mitigation Tool

If application issues arise during migration, Microsoft’s App Assure team helps resolve them at no additional cost for eligible customers¹¹. This is part of FastTrack; typically requires ≥150 licenses (Microsoft 365, Enterprise Mobility & Security, or Windows 365)¹¹. After submitting a request on the App Assure portal, a dedicated manager will contact you¹¹.

4.3. Conclusion: Isolation of Legacy Applications

Windows 11 (HVCI, VBS, UAC) is less tolerant of old development practices. If critical LOB applications cannot be updated, consider application virtualization or containerization – Azure Virtual Desktop or Windows 365 (Cloud PC) allows the use of legacy applications in isolation while the primary device runs Windows 11.

From Traditional Images to Modern, Cloud-Based Deployment

5.1. Transition to Modern Management

Instead of creating and maintaining custom images for each model, leverage the OEM-optimized Windows client version and transform it into a “business-ready” state through policies via Intune or Configuration Manager³.

5.2. Windows Autopilot: Zero-Touch Deployment

• Zero-touch: the user powers on the computer, logs in – all organizational configurations are applied automatically.
• Less Infrastructure: no need for image repositories and extensive local deployment infrastructure³.
• “Business-Ready” State: settings, security policies, applications, and even license changes (Pro → Enterprise) – automatically³.

Speed = Security. The faster a device is configured and updated, the smaller the vulnerable window, especially after October 14, 2025.¹.

5.3. Phased Deployment (Ring Model)

• Pilot: IT and management – check compatibility, preparation times, policy application.
• Early Adopters: a tech-savvy group providing feedback on UI/UX (e.g., context menu⁸).
• General Availability: all users – deployment begins only with stability confirmation from previous rings.

5.4. Virtualization Solutions as a Backup Plan

For devices that do not meet TPM 2.0 or other requirements⁴, Windows 365 (Cloud PC) or Azure Virtual Desktop allows remote access to Windows 11, separating the OS from local hardware. This provides a time window for hardware upgrades, turning CapEx into predictable OpEx.

ESU as a Last-Minute Backup, Not a Strategy

6.1. Description and Limitations of the ESU Program

ESU is a paid service that allows Windows 10 devices to receive only critical and important security updates after the official end of support². There are no functional innovations or design improvements – it is essentially “bought” time. Typically, organizations can extend ESU for up to three years, with costs rising significantly each year.

6.2. ESU Cost Structure for Organizations

Through Microsoft Volume Licensing, the estimated cost of ESU is about $61 / device in the first year; in the second and third years, the cost traditionally increases (e.g., ~$61 → ~$122 → ~$244), depending on the plan and channels¹². Compared to the Windows 11 license (~$139)¹³, two years of ESU costs already equal or exceed the price of the new OS – without the security and performance benefits of Windows 11.

6.3. ESU Costs for Individual Users

Individual users are offered a one-time ESU purchase option for ~$30 (or the equivalent in local currency, plus taxes), with possible alternative engagement methods (through Microsoft Rewards points or syncing computer settings). ESU ensures security updates until October 13, 2026; registration requires a Microsoft account, and one license can cover up to 10 devices linked to the same account¹⁴. The stark price difference between business and individual users reveals Microsoft’s goal: for businesses, ESU is not a convenient option but a financial pressure to modernize.

6.4. When ESU is Strategically Justifiable

• Critical LOB application compatibility testing is underway (possibly through App Assure¹¹).
• New hardware cannot be timely acquired due to budget or supply chain issues.

In the long run, ESU is financially inefficient; it is better to migrate or upgrade hardware.

Comparison of Windows 10 EOL and ESU Solutions (Strategic TCO Analysis)

How to Justify the Budget and Gain Approval

7.1. TCO Components

• Licensing: if a free upgrade is not available – ~ $139 for a Windows 11 Home/Pro license (depending on the edition)¹³.
• Hardware Upgrade / Replacement: the largest costs when lacking TPM 2.0 and Secure Boot⁴.
• Labor and Deployment: Autopilot + Intune significantly reduces labor costs compared to traditional images³.
• Training and Support: required due to UI/UX changes⁸.

7.2. Assessment of Security Risk Costs

Each device operating after EOL without ESU increases the likelihood of data breaches. Incident management, reputational damage, and fines typically exceed the preventive modernization costs. Investing in Windows 11 (TPM 2.0, VBS, HVCI⁷) is an investment in risk reduction that generates real returns.

7.3. Administrative Efficiency Returns

Autopilot zero-touch deployment allows IT teams to focus on strategic initiatives instead of repetitive tasks, while cloud management (Intune) reduces administrative costs. Transitioning to Windows 365 (Cloud PC) can shift costs from CapEx to predictable OpEx.

7.4. Competitive Productivity Cost of Staying on W10

Windows 11 offers better memory management and efficiency⁸. Staying on W10, even with ESU, not only compromises security but also results in ongoing productivity losses that over time translate into significant costs.

Literature Review

• Microsoft. (n.d.). Check if your device meets Windows 11 system requirements (after hardware changes). Retrieved from Microsoft Support (lt-LT).
• Microsoft. (n.d.). Enabling TPM 2.0 on your computer. Retrieved from Microsoft Support (lt-LT).
• Microsoft. (n.d.). Windows 10 Extended Security Updates (for users). Retrieved from microsoft.com (lt-LT).
• Microsoft TechCommunity. (2024–2025). When to use Windows 10 Extended Security Updates (pricing for businesses, starting at $61). Retrieved from techcommunity.microsoft.com.
• Microsoft Learn. (2025-06-13). Overview of Windows Autopilot. Retrieved from learn.microsoft.com.
• Microsoft Learn. (n.d.). Windows 10 Home and Pro (Modern Lifecycle Policy). Retrieved from learn.microsoft.com.
• Microsoft Store. (n.d.). Windows 11 Home / Pro (licenses). Retrieved from microsoft.com.
• Microsoft Learn. (n.d.). Windows 11 system requirements. Retrieved from learn.microsoft.com.
• Microsoft Learn. (n.d.). Windows App Assure. Retrieved from learn.microsoft.com.
• Microsoft. (n.d.). Windows 11 Gaming (DirectStorage, Auto HDR). Retrieved from Microsoft Learning Center.
• Microsoft Learn. (n.d.). Virtualization-based security (VBS) and Memory Integrity (HVCI). Retrieved from learn.microsoft.com.
• Verslo žinios. (2025-10-15). October 14 – The End of the Windows 10 Era. Retrieved from vz.lt.
• LRT news. (2025-10-19). The End of the Windows 10 Era – What to Do Next?. Retrieved from lrt.lt.
• Windows Release Health. (2025-09-22). Resolved issues in Windows 11, version 24H2 (ISS/Dirac Audio, etc.). Retrieved from learn.microsoft.com.